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A global warming conspiracy theory invokes claims that scientific consensus on global warming is based on conspiracies to produce false data or suppress dissent. It is one of a number of tactics used in climate change denial to legitimise political global warming controversy disputing this consensus. Global warming conspiracy theorists typically allege that, through worldwide acts of professional and criminal misconduct, the science behind global warming has been invented or distorted for ideological or financial reasons, or both.〔 == Background == As stated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the largest contributor to global warming is the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) since 1750, particularly from fossil fuel combustion, cement production, and land use changes such as deforestation.〔"Total radiative forcing is positive, and has led to an uptake of energy by the climate system. The largest contribution to total radiative forcing is caused by the increase in the atmospheric concentration of CO2 since 1750." (p 11) "From 1750 to 2011, CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production have released 375 (to 405 ) GtC to the atmosphere, while deforestation and other land use change are estimated to have released 180 (to 260 ) GtC." (p 10), IPCC, Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis - Summary for Policymakers, Observed Changes in the Climate System, (p. 10&11 ), in .〕 The IPPC's Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) states The evidence for global warming due to human influence has been recognized by the national science academies of all the major industrialized countries.〔(Statement ) 〕 No scientific body of national or international standing maintains a formal opinion dissenting from the summary conclusions of the IPCC. Despite this scientific consensus on climate change, allegations have been made that scientists and institutions involved in global warming research are part of a global scientific conspiracy or engaged in a manipulative hoax. There have been allegations of malpractice, most notably in the Climatic Research Unit email controversy. Eight committees investigated these allegations and published reports, each finding no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct.〔Six of the major investigations covered by secondary sources include: (1233/uk-climategate-inquiry-largely-clears.html House of Commons Science and Technology Committee ) (UK); (Independent Climate Change Review ) (UK); (International Science Assessment Panel ) (UK); (Pennsylvania State University ) (US); (United States Environmental Protection Agency ) (US); (Department of Commerce ) (US).〕 The Muir Russell report stated that the scientists' "rigour and honesty as scientists are not in doubt," that the investigators "did not find any evidence of behaviour that might undermine the conclusions of the IPCC assessments," but that there had been "a consistent pattern of failing to display the proper degree of openness." The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as a result of human activity remained unchanged at the end of the investigations.〔Biello, David (Feb., 2010). "(Negating 'Climategate' )". ''Scientific American''. (302):2. 16. ISSN 00368733. "In fact, nothing in the stolen material undermines the scientific consensus that climate change is happening and that humans are to blame"; See also: Lubchenco, Jane (2 December 2009) House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming (House Select Committee). "(The Administration's View on the State of Climate Science )". House Hearing, 111 Congress. U.S. Government Printing Office. "...the e-mails really do nothing to undermine the very strong scientific consensus and the independent scientific analyses of thousands of scientists around the world that tell us that the Earth is warming and that the warming is largely a result of human activities." As quoted in the report published by (Office of Inspector General ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Global warming conspiracy theory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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